Journal: Scientific Reports
Article Title: The efficacy of an embryonic stem cell-based vaccine for lung cancer prevention depends on the undifferentiated state of the stem cells
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83932-0
Figure Lengend Snippet: Differentiation of ES-D3 cells decreases their efficacy to prevent the development of implanted lung tumors. ( A ) The schematic depiction of immunization regimen. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were immunized twice with 1 × PBS (vehicle control), parental ES-D3 cells + STO fibroblasts expressing GM-CSF (STO/GM-CSF) or differentiated ES-D3 cells + STO/GM-CSF prior to subcutaneous challenge with LLC cells (0.15 × 10 6 ) at Day 14. Tumor-free mice were challenged again with LLC cells (0.15 × 10 6 ) at day 72. ( B ) The percentages of tumor-free male mice (n = 8), female mice (n = 8), or male + female mice (n = 16, 8 mice/gender) following the first LLC injection are shown. Log-rank test; Asterisk (*) indicates p < 0.05; Asterisks (**) indicate p < 0.01; Asterisks (***) indicate p < 0.001. ( C ) Kaplan–Meier survival curve demonstrates the probability of survival in male mice (n = 8), female mice (n = 8), or male + female mice (n = 16, 8 mice/gender). Log-rank test; Asterisks (***) indicate p < 0.001. ( D ) Twenty-eight days after the second LLC challenge, the percentages of tumor-bearing mice in mice immunized with parental ES-D3 cells + STO/GM-CSF (n = 8) or differentiated ES-D3 cells + STO/GM-CSF (n = 2) were determined.
Article Snippet: Murine fibroblast cell line STO (ATCC # CRL-1503) infected with a replication-defective retrovirus expressing murine GM-CSF cDNA was acquired from Dr. Glenn Dranoff (Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research; Boston, MA).
Techniques: Control, Expressing, Injection